Quantifying the Impact of Cellular Vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) on Transportation System Efficiency, Energy and Environment

Project Abstract

As communication technology develops at a rapid pace, connected vehicles (CVs) can potentially enhance vehicle safety while reducing energy consumption and emissions via data sharing. Many researchers have attempted to quantify the impacts of such CV applications and cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) communication. Highly efficient information interchange in a CV environment can provide timely data to enhance the transportation system’s capacity, and it can support applications that improve vehicle safety and minimize negative impacts on the environment. This study summarizes existing literature on the safety, mobility, and environmental impacts of CV applications; gaps in current CV research; and recommended directions for future CV research. The study investigates a C-V2X eco-routing application that considers the performance of the C-V2X communication technology (mainly packet loss). The performance of the C-V2X communication is dependent on the vehicular traffic density, which is affected by traffic mobility patterns and vehicle routing strategies. As a case study of C-V2X applications, we developed an energy-efficient dynamic routing application using C-V2X Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication technology. Specifically, we developed a Connected Energy-Efficient Dynamic Routing (C-EEDR) application and used it in an integrated vehicular traffic and communication simulator (INTEGRATION). The results demonstrate that the C-EEDR application achieves fuel savings of up to 16.6% and 14.7% in the IDEAL and C-V2X communication cases, respectively, for a peak hour demand on the downtown Los Angeles network considering a 50% level of market penetration of connected vehicles.

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Universities Involved

Virginia Tech

Principle Investigators

Hesham Rakha (0000-0002-5845-2929)
Kyoungho Ahn (0000-0003-4272-3840)
Jianhe Du (0000-0003-1321-8298)
Mohamed Farag (0000-0002-3084-0815)

Funding Sources and Amounts

USDOT: $100,000; Virginia Tech: $50,000 (match)

Start Date

April 1st, 2022

Completion Date

June 28th, 2023

Subject Areas

Connected and Automated Vehicle, Emissions Reduction, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Technology, Traffic Simulation